Joel.B – Page 4 – Learn to Truck

Meeting Potential New Customers

I received an email from a reader who asked some great questions for meeting potential new customers. He wrote…

“I have had my authority now for about 6 months and have been solely using brokers. As you have already stated, the profit margins are very low and I feel the need to acquire my own direct customers in order to be more profitable and build up my company. I am currently re-working my business model and after that I will make out my business plan as per your articles. The way you have described the processes greatly reduce my apprehensions. Couple questions I do have are: What are some tips or the best ways to go about doing research on a prospective company, especially concerning what they are used to paying to ship out? Also, who determines shipping origination? For example, does a shipper control which carriers to use or would a receiver determine which carriers it prefers its shippers to use? I would need to know that to determine who to contact.”

First is determining the rates. As I mentioned in my Carrier Rate Agreement or Carrier Contract post, it is important to secure long term customers. I never concern myself with how much my customers are paying another carrier. All I focus on is ensuring I am successfully providing my customers with a rate that is profitable for both of us to succeed. This has enabled me to secure long term and successful business relationships. However, in order to negotiate I had to at least have an idea what the rates were in the lanes I planned to be working within. What has worked best for me is using a combination of 2 different resources.

The first is brokers. As a rule, when I’m trying to learn rates for a new lane, I call 5 brokers and inquire about available loads they have posted. It is also important to note that different days of the week will sometimes have different rates. This is most common in the fresh food industries such as meat, dairy and produce. The best rates for produce tend to be on Monday and Tuesday with delivery before the upcoming weekend. Likewise, the best rates for meat and dairy are normally found on Thursdays and Fridays for Monday delivery. So plan to do your rate research more than once and change up what days you check it on. Locating free load boards is easy but I will share the ones I rely on the most when researching rates.

Pick A Truck Load – Dry van, Flat bed, Reefer and misc.

LandStar – Dry van, Flat bed, Oversize, LTL, and misc.

Car Hauler Dispatch – Cars, Trucks, Boats and Camper/Cargo trailers.

Once you have the rate quotes from the brokers, simply add 20% to their rates they are quoting you and that is the rate they are quoting to their customer. Then take the average of all the quotes you were able to acquire and you now have a solid rate for that lane. IMPORTANT – You’re not done yet! In order to be profitable in the trucking industry you need to know what the rate will be going back to your customer. Except for specialty loads that only transport product in one direction, we all need loads that get us as close to our customer as possible when we return. So do your rate research with brokers for returning loads as well. In most cases you will rely on those brokers for loads. So take their rates at face value (what they quote is what you will get). When doing the return research, be mindful of how many loads are available. For example, there are very few dry van loads out of south Florida. So you need to plan accordingly if you are taking dry van loads to south Florida.

The other way I learn the rates is directly from the potential customer. I will always do my research using the brokers before meeting potential new customers. Then when meeting potential customers I compare the 2 rates. Sometimes the potential customer will surprise you and the rate they quote you will be higher than what your research revealed. The reason is because they know direct carriers are far more reliable than a broker and are willing to pay additional for it. It doesn’t happen often, but it has happened to me on 2 different occasions.

Most certainly customers do have preferred carriers they use. I have made it a personal requirement of mine to be that preferred carrier for all my customers. The rewards for doing so include more loads, faster pay, better rates (over time), the best lanes and above all success for both my customers and myself. Read my post Trucking Customers – Vital for Truck Owners to see my best tips to becoming your customers preferred carrier.

Sometimes when meeting potential new customers they will tell you that their customer coordinates the shipping. This is common with volume buyers such as Walmart, Costco, Tyson, Goodyear, GE and more than I could ever list. In these cases, the potential customer will most likely not provide you with the receivers contact information. Don’t be offended. They are typically bound by the contract not to give out the information. Simply give your contact information and politely let them know that if they ever do need a carrier you’d be happy to provide them a quote. There are instances the potential customer will provide you with the receivers contact information. When that happens make sure to contact the receiver because chances are high that since you were given the information the shipper isn’t getting enough trucks to ship the product on.

Before meeting potential new customers, read my post Make a Business Plan. It details many lessons I learned when I was meeting potential new customers.

Thank you for the email. I hope to hear from you again soon. Above all, Good luck!

Trucking Customers – Vital for Truck Owners

What is trucking? Getting your customers (trucking customers that is) product to market so they can succeed and in turn make you successful. Welcome the responsibility your customer has entrusted you with… their success! That responsibility should never be taken lightly. If you do it could jeopardize your own business. More importantly, realize the wonderful opportunity that responsibility offers you and the unlimited potential for your business’s success. In any business customer satisfaction is always paramount. In trucking that means reliability and reliability begins with dedication to your customers.

1. Always be early for pickup and delivery. Never plan to be just in time (unless you are doing “just in time” service for your customer). That provides you with at least the possibility to overcome a flat tire, dirty fuel filter, DOT inspection, etc. and still pickup or deliver on time.

2. Set yourself apart and be the one carrier your customer can count on during the holidays. Holidays are the hardest time for customers to find reliable dependable carriers. If you separate yourself above your competition for the holidays your customer is more likely to give you their business during the slow season. They will want to keep you because you are there when they need you the most.

Be thankful for their business and never miss an opportunity to show your thankfulness like…

1. Be kind, wear a smile and always say “please” and “thank you.” No one likes working with someone with an attitude or a chip on their shoulder. Just like Grandma used to say “you reap what you sow.”

2. Give gift certificates. Not only to the person responsible for giving you their business but also the employees loading your trailer. It is a very inexpensive way to show the forklift operators you appreciate them and what they do. In return they will be more inclined to take additional care when loading your trailer.

3. Be understanding. Just like trucking has unexpected chaos our customers businesses do too. If you are not willing to be understanding, patient and cooperative do you think your customer will be understanding, patient and cooperative the next time your pickup or delivery is late due to a break down?

Treat all your customers as valued business partners. Always remember that a customer is who you send your invoice to and expect payment from. That includes brokers. Brokers are not the enemy and sometimes come in very handy when the need arises.

Locating potential new customers is not as hard as you think. With only 1 truck to offer my customers I have successfully negotiated contracts with and hauled for a variety of companies. To name just a few of the companies I have enjoyed successful business relationship with – Perdue Farms, Odom’s Tennessee Pride Sausage, Performance Food Group, Letica Corp., JL Gonzalez, Redline, Omni Meats, Saputo Cheese, Atlas Cold Storage, Gulf Stream Coach and many more. The key to all the successful contracts and business relationships I have enjoyed began with locating them. I’ll share with you how I found my customers in an upcoming post “Find Customers Who Need a Truck.”

Lease Purchase – What You Need to Know

“Lease Purchase” programs sound very appealing to a driver who wants to own his truck. Most carriers that provide “Lease Purchase” programs sweeten the offer even more by making guarantees that seem to mirror those of a true “Independent Owner Operator” (those who own their truck and operate with the own FMCSA issued operating authority). Guarantees like no forced dispatch, all the time off you want, all the miles you need, drive only the lanes that you want and more. Sounds good right? The reality is that entering into a “Lease Purchase” contract is the worst option to purchase a truck.

First lets look at the company “Road Runner,” AKA “Skinny Chicken,” who offered a Lease Purchase. Road Runner enjoyed the services of approximately 1,100 Lease Purchase drivers at the time of their demise. The real tragedy isn’t that Road Runner went bankrupt. The real tragedy was the devastating impact to all the drivers who entered into a Lease Purchase contract with Road Runner. To understand the financial severity of the loss the Lease Purchase drivers suffered you need to understand how the Lease Purchase programs work.

These 4 general requirements found in most all Lease Purchase contracts are the main reasons those who sign Lease Purchase contracts fail. They are:

1. Little or no deposit required

2. Escrow terms

3. Payment amount and schedule

4. Legally obligated to only operate with the leasing companies FMCSA issued operating authority

We’ll take these on one at a time.

1. Little or no deposit required means it will take you longer to fulfill your Lease Purchase financial obligation and actually payoff and own the truck.

2. Escrow terms are included so the carrier can collect additional payments separate and above the payment amount from the Lease Purchase driver. In theory this Escrow account is for licensing, truck repairs, tires, insurance and a variety of other expenses listed by the leasing company.

3. Payment amount and schedule is the most straight forward section you will find in a Lease Purchase contract. It is simply how much your payments are and when they are due. Your payment amount can be a percentage or a set dollar amount and the schedule can be anything from weekly to bi-weekly or monthly.

4. Legally obligated to only operate with the leasing companies FMCSA issued operating authority gives the one guarantee that everyone should be extremely concerned about. It legally binds you to financially fulfill the Lease Purchase contract before you can operate under someone else’s authority or your own authority.

So what does all that mean? It means that the leasing company (the carrier) holds all the cards and you are at risk of loosing your entire investment. Take the case of Road Runner. When they went bankrupt it was without notice and immediate. All the approximately 1,100 lease purchase drivers were in the nightmare of their lives. First, they didn’t own the truck they were Lease Purchasing the bank did. So the bank repossessed all the trucks. Since Road Runner went bankrupt all their assets (property, bank accounts, etc) were locked up in litigation (court proceeding to determine which creditor would be paid how much from the Road Runner assets) for all the creditors Road Runner owed money to. That meant that all the Escrow payments that were made were also locked up in litigation. OOIDA filed a lawsuit that took about 3 years to settle but did not disclose how much of the escrow accounts would be refunded. None of the Lease Purchase drivers received a refund or partial compensation for their payments made toward the ownership of the truck. Many had made payments for years and should have been compensated accordingly. Unfortunately the legal term “Lease Purchase” means you don’t own it until the final payment is made fulfilling the Lease Purchase contract.

There are other just as alarming reasons to steer clear of Lease Purchase agreements. Since the Leasing company (or the bank they financed it through) has 100% ownership of the truck and you are legally bound to only operate under their authority they can impose one of the oldest tricks in the trucking business on the driver. They can (and many do) “Starve Them Out.” In other words they let you make your payments for 2 or 2 ½ years and then there just isn’t enough loads for you so you can make your payments and you are forced to quit because you are in default with your payments. The the Leasing company gets to start all over with the same truck with the next driver who will sign a Lease Purchase agreement. Another dishonest practice utilized by Leasing companies is all the fees they “forgot” to mention when you signed the Lease Purchase agreement. There are a wide variety of conjured fees such as admin fees, filing fees, HR fees, statement fees, parts warehousing fees, shop fees, parking fees and many more that you couldn’t hardly imagine.

There are more reasons not to enter into a Lease Purchase agreement such as high interest rates, lower priority to dispatch compared to company trucks, higher insurance costs and many more.

The bottom line is that Lease Purchase agreements are the worst possible way to attempt to buy a truck. I have never met anyone who said they successfully bought their truck through a Lease Purchase program. I have met countless who said it was the worst thing they ever did. If you ask someone who is in the middle of a Lease Purchase agreement ask if they have ever finished buying that truck. The answer will be “no.” If the answer is yes then email me the details. I’d love to hear about it and share at least one Lease Purchase success story!

Make a Business Plan

Always make a business plan and write the plan yourself, from the first word to the last.

In the early 2000’s I received one of my most valuable business lessons. During a business meeting I had dressed in nice slacks, shirt and tie and was armed with several copies of my formal business plan anticipating to share it with all the individuals attending the meeting. There were a half dozen company representatives attending the meeting. All entered the conference room wearing jeans and casual shirts. They politely took the formal business plan I had prepared. Without even opening the front cover the CEO held up my formal business plan and said to me – “Joel I have learned that these mean nothing. I want to know that you know, what you are doing, what you need and that you know what to do with what you need.” The meeting was very successful and we did use the business plan. However if I had used a general business plan from the Internet that I had not written myself I would have been lost attempting to present it. I encourage everyone, always make a business plan yourself.

Just like going to an interview first impressions matter! Opening statements in a formal business plan are not an autobiography. They are to introduce your knowledge, research and plan to successfully own and operate a trucking business to anyone reading the business plan. No details or personal information (sports, politics, religion, likes, dislikes, opinions, etc.) should be included in an opening statement. Some exceptions may apply such as if you are planning to transport a sports broadcasting trailer your knowledge of sports venue locations and procedures would be significant.

Using your simple or rough draft business plan create an easy to read, professional income, expense and profit expectations report. Your lender will thoroughly dissect and evaluate this section of your formal business plan. Be prepared to answer his/her questions on the spot without hesitation and with confidence. In doing so you will be projecting to your lender everything you have in writing but with all the passion you can’t put on paper. This includes everything from your knowledge, experience, commitment, dedication, hard work ethic and never say die attitude. Since anything can be claimed on paper, what a lender hears in your voice, sees in your eyes and confirms with your body language means more than what is in your formal business plan.

Being prepared for setbacks or disasters (read my personal experience with my first truck in the “EVERYTHING ELSE” category) can be the difference between succeeding or failing. Surprisingly to me this is the one part of planning that the majority of all new truck owners overlook. Have contingency plans! The one thing that is certain is that everyone needs a contingency plan sooner or later. So including it in your formal business plan shows the lender you know and are prepared for the adversity that is part of trucking. There are many ways to establish a financial contingency plan and they are easier than you may expect. Above the borrowed amount for your equipment you can requested a line of credit as part of your formal business plan. That is my preferred plan as it does not include placing any additional assets at risk. However most lenders will require that the line of credit is secured against the truck (if the line of credit does not exceed its value less the borrowed amount), real estate, savings account, personal asset or other personal property. Other options may include intentions to borrow from an IRA, 401K, personal savings account or other such investments.

Once you are able to agree to terms with a willing lender it is time to find your equipment. Above all shop wise. Do not buy the first truck and trailer you see. Have several to compare and choose from before making your purchase.

Choosing insurance has become one of the easiest steps in starting a trucking business. Agents call insurance brokers and insurance brokers get quotes from a multitude of insurance companies such as National Casualty, Great West, Carolina Casualty, Northland and many more. So no matter which insurance agent you choose in most cases they all are receiving the same quotes back from the insurance broker. The one type of insurance I discourage truck owners from using is insurance provided by national trucking organizations or associations. The quotes I have received from these organizations or associations has been dramatically higher. In fact almost double in most cases! That said, you should still ask for a quote if you belong to one of these groups because there is always the possibility that, for you, they are competitive.

Create a Simple Business Model Part-2

After reading Create a Simple Business Model (part 1) you’re probably ready to start creating your own business model. Before you start, there is more to learn about a trucking business model.

Surprising to most new truck owners establishing your base rate is not what you will want to include on a contract for a potential new customer. But rather it is a bottom line rate where you are able to maintain an acceptable profit margin. Just as surprising to new truck owners is that your base rate will be different for different lanes, different directions and different seasons.

My best example I like to use comes from my many years of experience hauling perishable meat and produce. During the winter months there is more produce in Arizona than trucks to haul it. Therefor your base rate will be higher during the winter months to haul produce for 2 reasons.

1. Most likely your customers shipping to Arizona know when produce season is because other carriers are calling them attempting to garner their business by offering lower rates.

2. During the summer months your rates to Arizona will also adjust higher compensating for the lower produce or general freight rates.

Produce haulers ideally will attempt to negotiate an all seasons year around rate somewhere between summer and winter rates. That gives them a consistent reliable cash flow they can manage their expenses with. It also gives their customer the added benefit of knowing their transportation costs. This gives the producer customer the ability to more accurately and constantly provide quotes to their customers. Knowing this and using it to your advantage will help you negotiate a quality long term contract both you and the customer appreciate.

To determine your base rate use the chart in chapter 1 to establish your expected expenses. Then divide the total cost of your expenses by the estimated total miles you anticipate operating. That is your base cost. However some customers may through you a curve and you’ll need an answer on the spot. Sometimes customers will say “our rates include the fuel surcharge.” In that instance you will need to know what your base rate is with the current fuel surcharge. I use this formula to establish my base rates.

Base rate without fuel surcharge:

Expenses = E

Estimated Miles = M

Base Rate = B

E ÷ M = B

Base rate with fuel surcharge:

Expenses = E

Estimated miles = M

Base Rate = B

Fuel Surcharge = F

(E ÷ M) + F = B

Using the method described in Carrier Rate Agreement or Carrier Contract calculate your detention pay. We all know that while we are loading and loading most of us do not receive anything additional. Customers will say something like “that’s in the rate” or an all time favorite of mine, “that’s part of your job.” I personally prefer to have an appointment time for pickups and deliveries because that gives me the strongest position to negotiate from. I will tell the customer “I only have a 1 hour window before it costs me money.” Now the negotiations have begun. Typically if the customer is comfortable with 1 hour before detention pay begins they will accept. Many times they will respond with a 2 hour offer before detention pay begins. If the customer is being unwilling I will tell them there is a rate without detention pay however it is much higher. If it is first come first serve it can work for you or against you. Either way, if possible detention pay should still be included in your contract. If the customer is unwilling to take responsibility for any detention pay you may want to re-evaluate if they are a customer you wish to do business with. For example I have been known to charge a rate 3 times higher than my normal rate quote if I am asked to take a load to Kroger in Shelbyville IN. That distribution center is known to not unload produce trucks for 6 hours or more (it happened to me) and in some cases more than 24 hours beyond their scheduled delivery. So taking the time to ensure you are comfortable without detention pay, especially with all the added pressure for compliance from law enforcement and the FMCSA, may well be worth your time.

Labor rates include everything from tarping, hand truck, tailgating, breakdown, pallet jack work, driving a fork lift and much more depending on the industry. Normally your customer will be familiar with labor rates especially if they have cargo requiring labor. Just like with detention pay you will need to negotiate for it and the customer will say the same things as they did for detention pay “it’s included in the rate” or “that’s your job.” Same negotiation skills are required as before. It must be noted that the majority of freight does not require an added labor. In fact I have frequently agreed to a contract with a customer with no labor rates even though I had to do some labor. Why you ask? Because I expected the customer would not want or agree to labor rates so I had it already figured in my base rate before I negotiated the contract. That is part of doing your market and customer research in advance of any negotiations.

Fuel surcharges have been a mainstay in the trucking since the late 1970’s. That was when oil and fuel first had it’s dramatic cost spike. Since then customers have grown to expect and accept fuel surcharges. Occasionally you will still find a rare customer or two that insists that this to is included in the base rate. However they are becoming few and far between. When negotiating a fuel surcharge with a customer who has never agreed to one you should first point out to them what they stand to gain from a fuel surcharge. A fair consistent rate that when fuel costs goes up yes they will increase their shipping costs. But likewise when fuel costs go down it decreases their shipping costs. Not to mention the added value in keeping you operating in the black and providing them with a guaranteed truck to get their product to market instead of relying on brokers or spending time on the phone trying to find a truck themselves. Both can be very powerful positions to negotiate from. Determining the fuel surcharge rate is easier than the negotiations. The industry standard for many years has been that truck owners accept the fuel cost in the base rate up to $1.00 per gallon and the trucks average 5 mpg. Thus each time fuel cost rise $.05 per gallon it costs the truck owner an additional $.01 per mile in fuel. Therefor for every $.05 the national average of fuel increases over $1.00 per gallon your fuel surcharge is an additional $.01 per mile.

When estimating your profit margin be reasonable and realistic. Any loan officer will be able to read through embellishments or exaggerations you may be tempted to use. Your goal when estimating your profit margin is to show any bank, credit union or investor that you have a solid understanding on how to earn a reasonable profit owning a truck and running it as a successful business.

Now it’s time to organize and create your simple or rough draft business plan. I have always been most successful using the philosophy that less is more when creating a business plan. In the simple business plan you are organizing all your customer base, costs, gross income and profit. Since this a rough draft it is the foundation for creating your formal business plan. Learn how to write and Make a Business Plan for trucking in my post Make a Business Plan.

Create a Simple Business Model – Part 1

Decide what you want to do. There are several factors into choosing what industry you want to support and what equipment you wish to use or will be required to have. Before choosing the industry you wish to support you first have to ask several questions.

1. Do I have any physical limitations (bad back, afraid of heights, limited mobility, etc.)?

2. What industries do I want to work with and are they located where I live? If not, do I live in their shipping lanes?

3. Am I willing to be OTR, regional or local?

These are only 3. There are many more depending on your particular situation. These questions will require some modifications and additions for every individual wanting to operate their own trucking business.

When it comes to selecting the equipment for the industry you choose it comes down to nothing but good old common sense. Simply put, if you wish to haul cattle it wouldn’t be wise to put a load of cattle on a flatbed. You will also need to check with your customers or potential customers prior to purchasing your equipment. In some cases customers are known to have minimum requirements for their carrier’s equipment such as weight, age, mileage, annual DOT inspection from their preferred provider, etc.

Always do market (customer) research. Your research can be the difference between a solid business relationship with your customers and an absolute disaster. One of the first things you will want to determine is how long has this potential customer been in business? New businesses frequently rely on loans, investor capitol or personal money to operate. Thus their financial stability could come into question if they have any difficulties with their cash flow from slow or no payment from their customers. I always urge caution when working with a new business.

Next you will want to know if they have lost all their direct carriers and have begun to rely on brokers. This is a clear warning sign. Either the business needs to cut costs and believes using a broker can help do that or the business has not been able to pay its carriers or possibly both. Either way it could be a business you would be better off to steer clear of.

Once you have decided to do business with a customer you will want to determine the consistency of customer’s shipments. This will give you an advance notice of the amount of work you can expect from your new customer and if you will need to continue looking for additional customers to fill in any gaps between their shipments.

The lanes of your new customers shipments are important to know as early as possible. You can then determine the rate you will need to haul the loads for as well as begin the search for a new customer at the loads destination.

Finally, rates. Most all potential customers will ask you about your rates before the conversation is allowed to go beyond the standard meet and greet introductions. So be prepared with your rates for all lanes prior to meeting any potential customer. Be flexible as they will almost undoubtedly respond with a counter offer. Above all during this negotiation remember you are attempting to enter into a business agreement that will make the potential customer save more and/or make more money while being profitable yourself. If you are not able to come to terms it’s not because the customer is unwilling. It’s because they are being financially responsible. Remember to be professional, respectful and kind. They may call you back in a couple of months!

Financing Your Truck

Financing your truck is not as hard as you think. The hard part is getting an interest rate you are comfortable with. Most used truck dealerships have financing companies that are easy to work with and will get you into a truck. However if it’s easy there will be a price to pay for a long time to come. Their price you’ll pay is some of the highest interest rates lenders will offer. That translates into thousands of dollars more you’ll spend for your truck. There are other options and a way to leverage used truck dealerships to your advantage.

The best solution to financing your truck is to use a bank you have been doing business with for many years. Preferably a small home town bank where you have done business with before and know your loan officer by name. Instead of simply looking at your loan application and saying “yes” or “no,” that loan officer will more often than not take the time to speak with you, review your business plan and listen to your vision. This is important because they are already giving you the benefit of the doubt that you know what you are doing and you know how to succeed. What they want to see and hear from you is the knowledge of the industry, your business plan and most important the ability to repay the loan even during adversity. If you are able to show them a solid business plan and that you are prepared even when times are tough you are all but certain to be awarded the funding you need. A deposit is always a good thing to have but it isn’t always a requirement. Deposits will not only lower the amount you are borrowing and your payments, it can also lower your interest rate. Additionally it shows the lender you are willing to put “skin in the game.” That speaks loudly to the loan officer as it demonstrates you are willing to not only risk the banks money but your own hard earned money as well. In other words the loan officer knows you will dig in your heals to not loose your investment and thus you’ll be fighting to not loose the banks investment either.

If your personal financial situation won’t allow you to use a home town or local bank then the lenders offered by dealerships can offer a respectable alternative to start your trucking business. There are several keys in doing this the correct way. First plan to buy a short term lower up front cost truck. Shopping for a truck with all the chrome, lights, gadgets and niceties will only drive up the price and your payments. Shop for a truck that you believe has a good 12 to 24 months to operate. After which you can go back to your local home town bank and put not only your business plan in front of him to talk about but now you can show him your income, expenses and profit reports. Nothing speaks louder to a loan officer than a solid financial track record (and most important) provable success! So using a finance company from a used truck dealership may not be your end game, but it can be a way to get off the ground with a truck and begin a successful truck owning career.

If you want to learn more about a business plan watch for my upcoming posts in the Business of Trucking category.

Choosing the Right Truck

Great! You’re are ready to shop for your first truck. Securing financing is easier than you think and you can learn more in my post “Financing Your Truck.” If you have saved the money to purchase a truck, should you use that money to buy your truck? Recently a reader shared their intent to use their savings so I will discuss that in further detail shortly. When shopping for your truck, the most important thing to know is you should focus your efforts on choosing the right truck and not any “Rooster Cruiser,” “Chicken Truck” or “Large Car” that catches your eye. Your first responsibility with owning a truck is to be successful. Choosing the right truck the first time will help you do just that.

There is an old saying in business, “use someone else’s money.” There are times to use someone else’s money and there are times to use your own money. Make no mistake, I believe in being debt free. However, to become debt free you should always exercise wise financial planning. When it comes to choosing the right truck and buying that truck, more often than not you should finance that truck. Here is why. If you buy your truck with your savings, frequently you will not enough remaining in savings for a back up plan when a disaster strikes. After 33 years in the business I have seen more than my share of disasters and set backs. So don’t think for a second that they won’t happen to you. Without doubt they will. If you have used your savings to buy your truck and need to borrow money later for repairs, the lender is less likely to lend money when your business is struggling. Additionally if you do not have good credit or established credit, the lender is more reluctant to approve a loan when you have not yet demonstrated your can successfully operate your business. In other words, obtaining financing for the truck when everything looks good on paper to a lender is better than trying to get financing when times are tough for you financially.

In my first week of owning my first truck I suffered a major set back. My truck blew out the front rear end. To make matters worse, the mechanic discovered that the previous owner had custom machined gears made and put them in both rear ends. So I had to replace 2 rear ends, no core refund since the gears were custom made and 2 weeks lost work. I was an additional $30,000.00 (+ or -) in the hole and I was only in my first week of business. Thankfully, when I financed my truck I had establish a back up plan with my bank. Because my lender and I made and agreed to the plan, he was thankful I had planned ahead and gladly implemented our back up plan. After 6 months I was back on track. I had successfully overcome a major break down, established excellent business relationships and had gotten ahead of paying off my debt.

Choosing the right truck has many considerations you must first evaluate. Most of which you will already have an answer for, some you think you have an answer for and others you didn’t realize needed consideration. Personal taste and needs are the majority of your considerations when choosing the right truck. I’ll cover the ones that are more focused on succeeding with owning a truck as well as some industry considerations.

The drive line (engine, transmission and rear ends) are mostly personal choice. However there are considerations to be made. The most important is the engine. Since the EPA has begun tightening the emission standards for truck engines, the life span of truck engines has been reduced dramatically. There are countless reports of engines failing and requiring to be rebuilt with 300,000 miles. Truck engines manufactured before 2003 would often last in excess of 1,000,000 miles before needing to be rebuilt. For that reason I always shop for a truck manufactured before 2003. If you are considering choosing the right truck from 2002, be sure to check the model year date of the truck and the engines manufactured and model year date. It is possible that a truck built in 2002 has model year 2003 engine even though the truck was built in 2002.

Next is the transmission and rear ends. While I am not a gear expert, this is what I know from my own experience with my trucks. If you have gears that are lower for pulling hills better, you do not enjoy the best fuel mileage on the relatively flat roads. For that reason I look for a general purpose gear ratio. I will not purchase automatic transmissions. They need repairs more often and are more expensive to fix.

Industry considerations are a must. For example if you are going to pull dry van freight, you will not want a heavy truck or a truck with a front axle differential. But if you are going to haul logs out of the mountains a heavy duty frame and a front differential are probably required. The list is long for all the different industry considerations. If you have a specific industry you’d like my opinion on please leave a comment. I’ll be happy to answer.

What region you plan to operate in should also be considered. While it may not impact your decision when choosing the right truck, it will allow you to shop more wisely. For example if you are only planning to operate from Phoenix, AZ to Los Angeles, CA you will want a truck with the most fuel efficient all position tires instead of the general purpose lug tires. If you are planning to operate in the north, having a good fuel system to prevent fuel gelling or freezing is a must.

If you are looking for that show truck or “Large Car” with all the extra chrome, filters and lights, you’ll find it. But normally it isn’t the best truck to guarantee or maximize your financial success. The more that hangs on the outside of the truck or is not aerodynamically designed the lower your fuel mileage. Read my post “How Does IFTA Work” to learn more details to save money when it comes to fuel and IFTA. Additionally the fancier the truck the higher your insurance rate will be.

Lastly, don’t be afraid to buy something that doesn’t look like much at the time. When I bought the truck I own and drive now, very few others saw what I did. What they saw was that the body was junk, windows leaked, tires were all bad, the hood was falling off, the 5th wheel needed replaced and the seats needed replaced. What I saw was a 1999 International 9900i Eagle truck that just had the engine rebuilt less than 10,000 miles earlier, an engine warranty with unlimited mileage for 2 ½ more years, a newly replaced front differential, no outside filters or extra chrome, reasonably aerodynamic and endless potential if I was willing to put work into it. I spent less on the truck than the rebuild cost of 1999 9900ithe engine. Then I paid to have the body, hood and window leaks repaired and did the remaining work on my own. I found a truck that was 90% what I was looking for. It has been the most reliable and financially rewarding truck I have ever owned. If you’d like to learn more about how I improved and modified my truck read my posts “Junk Yard truck Parts” and “After Market Truck Parts.”

Buying vs Leasing

A reader recently wrote to me…

“We need to acquire 3 trucks and trailers, we are looking at used and need to know if it would be better to buy or lease. Thanks for you help.”

There are pros and cons to each. Buying vs Leasing has been debated for as long as I can remember. There are many factors when deciding between buying vs leasing including taxes, maintenance, length the equipment is expected to be in the fleet, leasing companies driver requirements and many more. The fast answer is buying used equipment is best. In the long run it gives you more profitability and versatility. In the short term you may (but not always) have a greater out of pocket expense. However, many companies choose leasing over buying to operate new equipment for a lower cost.

Pros when considering Buying vs Leasing:

Buying Used	Leasing
1999 and older exempt from ELD mandate	New (or newer) equipment
Ability to modify truck to improve profitability	Maintenance support from leasing company
When paid for, no more payments	Lease payments tax deductible
Lower insurance costs	Loaner equipment during major repairs
Ability to resale when replacing equipment

Cons when considering Buying vs Leasing:

Buying Used	Leasing
Tax deduction for only 3 years	Higher long term cost
No warranty or maintenance support	Leasing company may require to approve drivers
Hard to locate the equipment to meet your needs	Will be required to meet ELD mandate
	No recovery of investment (resale or trade in)

At the end of the day, the question of Buying vs Leasing has always been an easy decision for me. I choose to buy. Being in trucking for the long run means planning long term. The best way to be profitable in trucking is to plan to succeed. That includes everything from making your truck as profitable as possible with modifications or after market truck parts, taxes, fuel and so much more.

All Oil By-pass Filters are Not Equal

As I frequently do, I have learned another lesson the hard way. All oil By-Pass filters are NOT equal. About 8 years ago I purchased the FS2500 oil By-Pass filter from Filtration Solutions. It did and excellent job! All my oil contaminates remained consistently low. On a couple of occasions certain contaminants began to climb. Both times my oil analysis company identified the failing parts correctly and I made the repairs for minimal cost, on my terms and in my shop. The combination of the FS2500 and oil sampling saved me thousands of dollars in repairs and maintenance on 1 truck.

I parked my truck for 1 year while I was deployed to the middle east with the Indiana Army National Guard. When I returned I prepared to put my truck back on the road. I was introduced to the AmsOil BMK30. I was enticed by the spin on filter and the 20,000 miles between filter changes. Believing the AmsOil BMK30 was the way to go, I elected to replace the Filtration Solutions FS2500 with the AmsOil BMK30. It didn’t take long for me to discover I had made a terrible mistake. With the AmsOil BMK30 all my metal contaminants began to increase. While using the AmsOil BMK30 the metal contaminants in my engine the far exceeded any level of contaminants I had experienced with the Filtration Solutions FS2500. I removed the AmsOil BMK30 and put the Filtration Solutions FS2500 back on my truck. The results were immediate. My contaminant levels dropped and returned to the same low levels I had enjoyed from the first time I installed the Filtration Solutions FS2500.

While using the AmsOil BMK30 I discovered significant differences between the filters I had not considered before making the change.

The FS2500 with a drain valve is easier to drain.
Changing the Oil By-Pass filter using the FS2500 is a far cleaner than any spin on filter… especially while on the road.
When sampling your oil every 10,000 miles instead of every 20,000 miles you are far more likely to identify engine issues and repair them before they become an expensive repair or even unaffordable break down on the road.
The FS2500 doesn’t cost a single penny more and provides the very best protection for any diesel engine.

The FS2500 filter element holds a nominal 1 quart. The AmsOil EABP120-EA replacement filter holds an unnecessary and expensive 1 gallon of oil.

      FS2500                            AmsOil
Filter Element: $32.95            EABP120-EA: $45.80
Shell Rotella T6: $5.50 (1 qt)    Shell Rotella T6: $21.99 (1 gal)
Total Cost: $38.45 or 004cpm    Total Cost: $67.79 or 004cpm

I will never make the mistake again of trying a different oil By-Pass filter. I am a Filtration Solutions customer for life. I would encourage all truck owners to give very serious consideration to purchasing the Filtration Solutions FS2500. For maximum results and profitability always perform regular oil testing to reduce repairs and maintenance costs while extending the life of your equipment.